Brain aging is accelerated by approximately 26% in people with progressive type 2 diabetes. By the time type 2 diabetes is formally diagnosed, there may already be significant structural damage to the brain. Both aging and type 2 diabetes cause changes in executive functions such as working memory, learning and flexible thinking, and changes in brain processing speed. People with type 2 diabetes had consistently and markedly lower cognitive performance compared to healthy individuals who were the same age and similarly educated.
— source eLife | May 25, 2022